Many states allow filing FIR online for theft, lost documents and cybercrime.
Status Check
Check FIR status via the official state police portal using your FIR number.
Legal Aid
District Legal Services Authority provides free legal assistance to citizens.
First Information Report
How Do I File an FIR in Assam?
The decision the duty officer makes when you report something — and the escalation path if a cognizable offence is refused.
An FIR — First Information Report — is the document that sets the criminal justice system in motion. It is recorded under Section 173 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, which replaced Section 154 of the old Code of Criminal Procedure. Until an FIR exists the police have no legal basis to investigate, arrest, or seize evidence.
An FIR can only be registered for a cognizable offence — one serious enough that police may arrest without a magistrate's warrant. Theft, burglary, assault causing hurt, kidnapping, rioting and murder all qualify. For anything less serious a station in Assam records a Non-Cognizable entry instead.
You need no lawyer, no stamp paper, no written application and no fee. Walk in, tell the duty officer what happened, and they must write it down, read it back to you in a language you understand, and take your signature or thumb impression.
The one thing never to skip is your free copy. Section 173(2) BNSS entitles every informant to a copy at no cost — anyone asking you to pay is acting unlawfully. Note the FIR number, the date and the recording officer's name; you will need all three for insurance, for court, and for every follow-up. If a station refuses outright, our complaint guide sets out the escalation route to the SP and then to a magistrate.
After filing
Keep the copy safe, note the Investigating Officer's name and number, and ask when to check back on progress.
Getting updates
Under the 2023 codes you are entitled to a progress update within ninety days. Most state portals also allow status lookup by FIR number.
Language rights
Your statement must be recorded in a language you understand and read back before you sign. Ask for this — it is not optional.
If you are a witness
You can set an FIR in motion without being the victim. A relative, a passer-by, even an anonymous caller can report a cognizable offence.
Most-asked question
NC or FIR — Which One Applies to My Complaint?
NC stands for Non-Cognizable, and it is the term visitors most often leave still not understanding. An NC is a formal register entry recording that you reported something — for an offence where police cannot investigate or arrest without a magistrate's permission.
Whether something is an NC or an FIR is fixed by statute, not by an officer's opinion. Minor assault without injury, public nuisance, defamation, simple trespass and most neighbour disputes are non-cognizable. Because the power to arrest is a serious intrusion, the law reserves it for graver crimes.
In practice most NCs filed in Assam are not disputes at all — they are lost property. The copy you receive is what your insurer, bank, the RTO or the passport office will demand before issuing a duplicate. Our lost and found guide covers what to do for each document type.
If a station says your matter is “only an NC” but you believe a cognizable offence occurred, say so politely and ask for the refusal in writing. You can then escalate to the Superintendent of Police, or apply to a magistrate under Section 175(3) BNSS.
Commonly filed as an NC in Assam
A pre-emptive record before a dispute escalates
A lost passport, PAN card or driving licence
Address or character verification for an employer
A lost cheque book or bank passbook
A lost mobile phone, wallet or handbag
The three routes a complaint can take. Which applies depends on the offence, not on which station you walk into.
Comparison of FIR and NC
Aspect
FIR (Cognizable)
NC (Non-Cognizable)
Arrest without warrant
Permitted
Not permitted
Can police refuse?
No, for a cognizable offence
They must still record the entry
Governing provision
Sec. 173 BNSS
Sec. 174 BNSS
Court permission needed
No
Yes
Free copy for you
Yes — legally guaranteed
Yes — always ask for it
Investigation starts
Immediately
Only after a magistrate's order
Which station is mine?
What Is Zero FIR, and When Should I Use It?
Jurisdiction decides which station investigates. Zero FIR decides where you may walk in — and the answer is anywhere.
Every police station in Assam is assigned a defined geographical area — its jurisdiction. As a rule the station covering the place where the incident happened is the one that investigates, not the station nearest your home.
This trips people up constantly. A bag stolen on a train belongs to the Government Railway Police for that section of track. A car broken into in a mall car park belongs to the station covering the mall, even if you live thirty kilometres away. Online fraud follows where the loss occurred — generally wherever you are in Assam.
Zero FIR removes the burden of working this out. Introduced after the Justice Verma Committee, it lets you register an FIR at any station regardless of jurisdiction. The station numbers it zero, records the complaint in full, takes urgent action such as a medical examination, then transfers the file onward.
A station refusing a Zero FIR is not exercising discretion — it is committing an offence under Section 199 BNS, and for sexual offences that carries up to two years. The practical takeaway: in an emergency go to whichever station you can reach fastest. Sorting out jurisdiction is the police's job, not yours.
Protection provisions
What Should a Woman Know Before Going to a Police Station in Assam?
Indian law gives women and children procedural protections that go well beyond ordinary practice, and every station in Assam must honour them. Knowing they exist is often the difference between a complaint being taken seriously and being talked out of the door.
For women
Zero FIR applies fully — any station must record the complaint regardless of jurisdiction.
Domestic violence falls under the 2005 Act, allowing protection, residence and monetary relief orders.
A woman cannot be arrested between sunset and sunrise without a magistrate's written permission.
A survivor with a disability may have an interpreter or special educator present, and the statement must be video recorded.
Workplace harassment is covered by the POSH Act, 2013, which requires an Internal Committee at every employer.
Helplines: 1091 women's helpline, 181 domestic abuse, 1098 CHILDLINE, 112 any emergency. All free, all twenty-four hours, all working from a phone with no balance. See every emergency number explained.
Everyday paperwork
What Verification Services Can I Get in Assam?
The same five-step chain covers passport, tenant, employment and character verification — only the initiating authority changes.
For the majority of residents in Assam, the only reason they ever deal with police is paperwork: the check underpinning passports, tenancies and job offers. Knowing how it runs in Assam will save you weeks. Our guide to contacting the police covers what to prepare for each type.
Event and protest permission
Public gatherings, processions and loudspeaker use need prior permission from the local station or DCP office.
Arms licence verification
A far deeper check involving neighbourhood enquiry, medical fitness and references. Expect several weeks.
Police Clearance Certificate
States you have no adverse record — required by most immigration authorities. Apply via Passport Seva, not the station directly.
Passport verification
Triggered when you apply at a Passport Seva Kendra. The beat officer visits your address — keep Aadhaar, a utility bill and any rental agreement ready.
Verification is a free government service. No officer may charge for visiting your address or issuing a report. If asked for money, report it to the state Anti-Corruption Bureau or Vigilance Commission — see our sources and methodology.
Know before you go
Do My Rights Change Inside a Police Station?
If any of these is denied, note the officer's name and buckle number and complain to the SP, the State Human Rights Commission, or your state's Police Complaints Authority.
Walking into a police station does not suspend your constitutional rights. Articles 20 and 21, reinforced by the Supreme Court in D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal (1997), protect every person in India — complainant, witness or arrested person alike, and whether you are in Assam or anywhere else.
On arrest the officer must state the grounds, wear visible identification of name and rank, and prepare an arrest memo attested by a family member or a respectable local person, recording the time and place. You may have one friend or relative informed.
You must be produced before a magistrate within twenty-four hours excluding travel. Custody beyond that needs judicial authorisation. You may meet a lawyer of your choice during interrogation, and receive a medical examination every forty-eight hours.
Women cannot be arrested before sunrise or after sunset without a magistrate's prior written permission, and any arrest or search of a woman must be by a woman officer — see our women's safety guide. Anyone under eighteen goes before the Juvenile Justice Board, never an ordinary lock-up.
As a complainant, Section 179 BNSS matters too: a woman, anyone under fifteen or over sixty, and anyone with a disability or acute illness cannot be compelled to attend a station outside their district. In those cases the police must come to you.
How policing works
Who Is in Charge of a Police Station in Assam?
Rank structure of a state police force. The shaded band marks the ranks you actually meet at a station — everything above is supervisory.
The Constitution places police with the States. The force that serves Assam therefore answers to its state government, not to the central government. Assam Police sets its own recruitment rules, postings and internal procedure, even though the criminal law it enforces is national.
At the top sits the Director General of Police, reporting to the state Home Department. Below the DGP the force fans out into zones, ranges and districts. A district is commanded by a Superintendent of Police; in larger cities that becomes a Commissionerate, where a Commissioner holds both policing and magisterial powers — which is why a metro officer is a DCP rather than an SP.
The unit that matters to an ordinary citizen, though, is the police station. Every square metre of Assam falls inside exactly one station's jurisdiction, and that station is the entry point for almost every interaction you will have with the police — reporting a crime, getting a document verified, or recovering lost property.
A station is commanded by a Station House Officer — an Inspector in cities, a Sub-Inspector in smaller towns. Both ranks can register an FIR, so being told to “come back when the SHO is here” is not a lawful reason to delay a cognizable offence. Below them are ASIs, Head Constables and Constables; the constable assigned to your neighbourhood is the beat officer who will visit for passport or tenant verification.
Inside the station
Which Desk Do I Need in Assam?
A typical station layout. Smaller rural stations combine several functions into one room, but every one of them exists somewhere.
A police station is not one undifferentiated room. Knowing which desk does what gets you to the right person faster.
The front desk is staffed continuously, including at night and on holidays. The duty officer there is your first contact for everything. If unsure whom to see, start here.
The writer or record room keeps the registers: FIR, NC, the general diary logging every event of the day, and the roznamcha recording officers' movements. Your free copy is produced here.
The malkhana is the secured store for seized and recovered property — where anything of yours sits until a court orders its release on superdari. The lock-up holds people in custody, never beyond twenty-four hours without a magistrate, never women overnight without a woman constable, and never a juvenile.
Most stations are busiest between ten and one. If your matter is not urgent, arriving early or late afternoon means a shorter wait — or skip the trip and check which station is actually closest to you first.
Other common matters
Road Accidents, Missing People and Lost Documents — Who Do I Call?
Missing persons
If the person is under eighteen, police must register an FIR at once on the presumption of kidnapping and upload details to TrackChild.
There is no waiting period. The twenty-four hour rule is a myth with no basis in law, and the Supreme Court has directed that reports be registered immediately.
For a hit-and-run, note whatever registration you can, look for nearby CCTV or dashcam footage, and register an FIR the same day.
Road accidents are cognizable. Call 112 immediately and do not move vehicles unless someone needs hospital — Good Samaritan guidelines protect rescuers, and no hospital may refuse emergency treatment or demand payment first.
Indian criminal law was rewritten in 2023. The offences are broadly familiar, but section numbers that circulated for decades have all changed.
On 1 July 2024 three statutes replaced the backbone of Indian criminal law. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita replaced the Indian Penal Code of 1860, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita replaced the Criminal Procedure Code of 1973, and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam replaced the Evidence Act of 1872.
For most citizens the practical effect is modest — theft is still theft — but the section numbers people had memorised are gone. The FIR provision everyone knew as Section 154 CrPC is now Section 173 BNSS; Section 156(3), used to force registration through a magistrate, is now Section 175(3). Older guidance online will have the numbers wrong even where the substance is right.
The new codes add real obligations. Zero FIR and e-FIR are now written into statute rather than resting on court directions. Forensic examination is compulsory for offences carrying seven years or more. Investigations must finish within ninety days for most offences, and the informant is entitled to a progress update in the same period.
Alongside sits the Police Act framework. The colonial 1861 Act still forms the base, though most states have their own acts following Prakash Singh v. Union of India (2006), which required Police Complaints Authorities, minimum tenure for key officers, and separation of investigation from law-and-order duties. If you believe an officer abused their position, that Authority is the designated forum — our help guides set out how to approach it.
Avoid these
What Do People Get Wrong in Assam?
1
Believing the 24-hour myth
There is no waiting period before reporting a missing person. Any station saying otherwise is wrong, and for a child it is seriously wrong.
2
Deleting the evidence
Screenshots, chat logs, call records and emails are evidence. Embarrassment is not a reason to destroy your own case.
3
Calling the bank before calling 1930
For online fraud the freeze instruction comes through the 1930 system. Minutes on hold with your bank are minutes the money keeps moving.
4
Not noting the officer's details
Record the name, rank and buckle number of whoever handles your matter. Every escalation route asks for it.
5
Signing something you have not read
Never sign a blank sheet or a statement not read back to you in a language you understand. You are entitled to both.
6
Accepting a verbal refusal
If a station refuses a cognizable offence, ask in writing, then escalate to the SP or a magistrate under Sec. 175(3) BNSS.
None of this is legal advice. For a matter already in court, or a serious allegation against you, speak to a qualified advocate. Free legal aid is available to every woman, every child and anyone below the income threshold through the District Legal Services Authority — start with our help guides.
Reference
A Plain-English Glossary of Police Vocabulary
Panchnama
A record of a seizure or inspection, signed by independent witnesses.
FIR
First Information Report — the document opening a criminal investigation into a cognizable offence.
SHO
Station House Officer — the Inspector or Sub-Inspector commanding a police station.
Roznamcha
The daily register recording officers' duties and movements.
Malkhana
The station's secured store for seized and recovered property.
Cr.P.C.
The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 — replaced by the BNSS in July 2024.
Cognizable
An offence serious enough that police may arrest without a warrant and investigate without a court order.
IO
Investigating Officer — the officer assigned to your case. Always note their name and number.
Closure report
Filed when police find no evidence. You have the right to be heard before a court accepts it.
PCC
Police Clearance Certificate — proof of no adverse record, usually needed for visas and overseas jobs.
Zero FIR
An FIR registered outside the jurisdiction where the offence occurred, then transferred to the correct station.
Superdari
A court order releasing seized property to its owner pending trial.
Police Stations in Assam: Frequently Asked Questions
The questions people most often search for about police stations, FIRs, NC reports and helplines in Assam.
How many police stations are listed for Assam?
We currently list 12 police stations in Assam, each with its address and contact details where we have been able to verify them against an official source. Assam operates considerably more than this — our coverage grows as we verify further stations, and we publish nothing we cannot stand behind.
Dial 100 for police or 112 for the unified emergency line anywhere in Assam. Both reach a state control room that can dispatch the nearest available unit. Women's helpline 1091, CHILDLINE 1098 and the cyber fraud helpline 1930 also operate throughout Assam around the clock.
How do I file an FIR at a police station in Assam?
Visit any station in Assam and tell the duty officer what happened. For a cognizable offence the police must register a First Information Report under Section 173 BNSS and cannot refuse. Your statement is read back to you before you sign, and you are entitled to a free copy before you leave.
NC means Non-Cognizable — a register entry for a minor offence where Assam Police need a magistrate's order before investigating. Most NCs filed in Assam relate to lost property such as phones, wallets, passports and vehicle papers. The free copy you receive is what your bank, insurer or the RTO will ask for before issuing a duplicate.
How do I find the nearest police station in Assam?
Use the GPS-based Find Near Me tool, or search by your city, district, locality or six-digit PIN code. The nearest stations appear on a map with distance, phone number and directions. Your location stays in your browser and is never stored.
Can I report cybercrime at any police station in Assam?
Yes. No station in Assam may turn away a cybercrime complaint on the grounds that it has no cyber cell or that the offender is in another state — jurisdiction follows where the loss occurred. For financial fraud call 1930 first, because the window to freeze the receiving account is measured in minutes.
Does every police station in Assam have a women's helpdesk?
Yes — every station in Assam is required to operate one, staffed by a woman officer wherever posting strength allows. A statement about a sexual offence must be recorded by a woman officer and may be given at a place of the survivor's choosing, including her own home.
The Assam Police portal accepts online reports for certain categories — commonly lost documents, stolen vehicles and cybercrime. A full FIR for a serious offence still generally requires attending a station so your statement can be recorded and read back to you. Check the official Assam Police website for what its portal currently supports.
Can I get a Police Clearance Certificate in Assam?
Yes. Apply through the Passport Seva portal rather than approaching a station directly. The application is routed automatically to the Assam Police unit covering your address, a beat officer verifies your details, and the clearance is issued through the same channel.
Do I need to pay anything at a police station in Assam?
No. Filing an FIR or NC, receiving your free copy, address and tenant verification and lost-property reports are all free services throughout Assam. If an officer asks you for money, report it to the Assam Anti-Corruption Bureau or the state Vigilance Commission.
Usually between one and three weeks in Assam, depending on the district and the station's workload. The file is routed to the station covering your address and a beat constable visits in person, so keeping Aadhaar, a utility bill and any rental agreement to hand will shorten the process.
Which police station has jurisdiction over my address in Assam?
Every square metre of Assam falls inside exactly one station's jurisdiction, but the boundaries are set administratively and are not always intuitive. The reliable way to check is to search this directory by your locality or PIN code, then call the station listed to confirm your address falls under it.
How do I report a lost phone or lost documents in Assam?
Visit any station in Assam and file an NC for the lost item — many districts now also accept this online and email you a downloadable certificate. For a lost phone, additionally file on the CEIR portal, which blocks the handset by IMEI across every Indian network and traces it if the SIM is changed.
The Assam Police is headed by a Director General of Police who reports to the state Home Department. Below the DGP the force is organised into zones and ranges, with each district commanded by a Superintendent of Police — or, in the larger cities, by a Deputy Commissioner under a Commissionerate system.
PoliceStationsIndia.com is an independent public information directory. Information about police stations in Assam is compiled from public sources for general awareness only. Always verify with official Assam Police sources before acting on any information. This site is not affiliated with any government authority.
